Comparative Morphometric Studies of The Habrobracon hebetor-brevicornis and Bracon lefroyi-greeni Complexes of Braconid Wasps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Braconinae)

Authors

  • Zoological Survey of India, M- Block, New Alipore, Kolkata 700053
  • Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Assam University, Silchar, Assam 788801

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26515/rzsi/v123/i2S/2023/172515

Keywords:

Biocontrol, parasitoid, biotypes, character, complex, identification, morphometrics.

Abstract

The accurate identification of parasitoids is of immense importance to biological control programs. Despite their economic importance and commonly occurring, the taxonomy of <i>Habrobracon hebetor-brevicornis</i> and <i>Bracon lefroyigreeni</i> complexes is difficult and currently confused being cryptic and occurring as distinct populations as well as groups of populations. Thus, there exists confusion in species recognition and the diagnosis of the appropriate host can dramatically affect the outcome of a biological control program. This study focuses on the morphometric variations in females of five biotypes in each complex associated with different hosts and localities. Statistical analyses, such as Unweighted Pair-Group Method Arithmetic Average (UPGMA) cluster analysis, Canonical Discriminant Analysis and Predictive Discriminant Analysis were used to analyse the complexes, and these also enabled the identification of taxonomically important characters in differentiating the population and grouping. The evidence presented here rationalizes the confusion between the species complexes, and the additional morphological characters brought out here will help to resolve the taxonomic complexity.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Downloads

Published

2023-07-01

How to Cite

Roni Kumar Singh, L., & Chandra Ray , D. (2023). Comparative Morphometric Studies of The <i>Habrobracon hebetor-brevicornis</i> and <i>Bracon lefroyi-greeni</i> Complexes of Braconid Wasps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Braconinae). Records of the Zoological Survey of India, 123(2S), 185–200. https://doi.org/10.26515/rzsi/v123/i2S/2023/172515

References

Ameri, A., Talebi, A.A., Beyarslan, A., Kamali, K. and Rakhshani, E. 2013. Study of the genus Bracon Fabricius, 1804 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of Southern Iran with description of a new species. Zootaxa, 3754(4): 353–380.

Ashmead, W.H. 1896. On some reared parasitic hymenopterous insects from Ceylon. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 18: 633–648.

Bakr. R.F.A., Gesraha, M.A., Guneidy, N.A.M., Frag, N.A.E., Ebeid, A.R., Elbehery, H.H.A. and Abou-Ellail, M. 2013. Molecular genetic identification of two Bracon species based on RAPd-PCR and 16sRNA genes. Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Science, 5(2): 99–107.

Brues, C.T. 1920. On the bollworm parasite described as Rogas lefroyi by Dudgeon & Gough. Report of the Proceedings of the Third Entomological Meeting, held at Pusa, 3rd to 15th February 1919, Superintendent Government Printing, Calcutta, India, Vol. III. pp. 1026 1028.

Chawla, S.S. and Subba Rao, B.R. 1965: Further studies on the Bracon hebetor-brevicornis-complex (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) by paper chromatography. Beiträge Zur Entomologie (= Contributions to Entomology), 15(1-2): 83–86.

Cherian, M.C. and Margabandhu, V. 1949. 1951. Identity of Microbracon brevicornis Wesm. and Microbracon hebetor Say. Journal of Bombay Natural History Society, 48: 335–337.

Chomphukhiao, N., Takano, S.I., Takasu, K. and Uraichuen, S. 2018. Existence of two strains of Habrobracon hebetor (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): a complex in Thailand and Japan. Applied Entomology and Zoology, 53: 373–380.

Cushman, R.A. 1922. The identity of Habrobracon brevicornis (Wesmael) (Hym., Braconidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 24: 241–242.

Deka, T.C. 1969. The effect of competition between two homologues on the maintenance of their sex-ratio. Journal of the Assam Science Society, 12: 134–140.

Dharmarju, E. 1952. The biological control of the black headed caterpillar of coconut (Nephantis serinopa M.) in the East Godavari district of Madras state. Indian Coconut Journal, 5: 171–176.

Ehteshami, F. and van Achterberg, C. 2012. First record of Bracon (Habrobracon) brevicornis (Wesmael) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Braconinae) from Iran. In: Conference: The 17th National & 5th International Iranian Biology Confrence, at Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran, Volume: 17th National & 5th International Iranian Biology Confrence. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303644176

Ghosh, S.M., Chandrasekharan, K. and Abdurahiman, U.C. 1993. The bionomics of Pediobius imbreus (Hymenoptera) and its impact on the biological control of the coconut caterpillar. Journal of Ecobiology, 5(3): 161–166.

Haider, A.A., Ahmad, Z., Pandey, K. and Shuja-Uddin. 2004. Description of a new species of the genus Habrobracon Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), along with key to the Indian species. Journal of Entomological Research (New Delhi), 28(2): 153–156.

Heimpel, G.E., Antolin, M.F., Franqui, R.A. and Strand, M.R. 1997. Reproductive isolation and genetic variation between two “strains” of Bracon hebetor (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Biological control, 9(3): 149–156.

Jayanth,K.P. and Nagarkatti, S. 1985. Low temperature storage of adult of Bracon brevicornis Wesmael (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Entomon, 10(1): 39–41.

Kittel, R.N. and Maeto, K. 2019. Revalidation of Habrobracon brevicornis stat. rest. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) based on the CO1, 16S, and 28S gene fragments. Journal of Economic Entomology, 112(2): 906–911.

Krishnamurti, B. and Appana, M. 1944. Microbracon brevicornis, W. in the biological control of the lab-lab podborer. Current Science (Bangalore), 13: 135.

Lal, K.B. 1939. Identity of two important parasites hitherto considered as distinct species. Current Science, 8: 125–126.

Srivastava, M., Paul, A.V.N., Rengasamy, S., Kumar, J. and Parmar, B.S. 1997. Effect of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) seed kernel extracts on the larval parasitoids Bracon brevicornis Wesm. (Hym., Braconidae). Journal of Applied Entomology (= Zeitschrift fur Angewandte Entomologie), 121(1): 51–57.

Mohanty, J.N., Anand, P. and Jagadiswari, R. 2000. Management of brinjal shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guen. by release of Bracon brevicornis Wesm. In the field. Journal of Applied Zoological Researches, 11(2–3): 96–97.

Ram, A., Tiwari, L.D., Dass, R. and Mehrotra, K.N. 1982. Evidence for the presence of a kairomone in Corcyra cephalonica Staint larvae for Bracon brevicornis Wesm. (Hymen., Braconidae). Journal of Applied Entomology (= Zeitschrift fur Angewandte Entomologie), 93(4): 338–341.

Abbas, M.S.T. 1982. Bracon brevicornis Wesm., a larval parasite of the pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella Saunders. Agricultural Research Review, 58(1): 233–238.

Jacob, S., Abraham, C.C. and Joy, P.J. 1980. Regulation of fecundity, progeny production and female-male composition of Bracon brevicornis Wesmael (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Agricultural Research Journal of Kerala, 18(2): 191–199. Mathai, S. 1972. Studies on the effect of host nutrition on Bracon brevicornis Wesmael. Agricultural Research Journal of Kerala, 9(1): 1–3.

Sarup, P., Singh, D.S., Srivastava, M.L. and Singh, R.N. 1971. Laboratory evaluation of pesticides against the adults of an important parasite Bracon brevicornis (Braconidae: Hymenoptera) of some crop pests. Indian Journal of Entomology, 33(3): 346–349.

Subba Rao, B.R. and Kumar, S.S. 1960. Effect of temperature and host density on the rate of increase of Bracon brevicornis Wesmael (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Beitrage zur Entomologie, 10(7-8): 872–885 Lal, K.B. 1947. The identification of Bracon hebetor (Say) and B. brevicornis (Wesmael). Indian Journal of Entomology, 8(1): 85–88.

Mathew, K.P., Abraham, C.C., Visalakshi, A. and Nair, M.R.G.K. 1980. On the improvement of female production in Bracon brevicornis Wesmael. Entomon, 5(3): 173–174.

Mohapatra, L.N. and Mohapatra, R. 2003. Incidence of cashew leaf and blossom webber, Lamida moncusalis Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in relation to its natural enemies and weather factors. Indian Journal of Plant Protection, 31(1): 119–121.

Muesebeck, C.F.W. 1925. A revision of the parasitic wasps of the genus Microbracon occurring in America north of Mexico. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 67: 1–85.

Naik, C.B., Kranthi, S., Gharade, S., Kumbhare, S., Nagrare, V.S. and Singh, L.R.K. 2018 Endoparasitoid: Bracon lefroyi (Dudgeon & Gough) of pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) on cotton. Indian Journal of Entomology, 80(2): 361-366.

Narayanan, E.S., Subba Rao, B.R. and Sharma, A.K. 1958. Studies on the Bracon brevicornis-hebetor complex (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences, Section B, 48(1): 1–13.

Narendran, T.C., Mohamed, U.V.K., Abdurahiman, U.C. and Sudheendra Kumar, V.V. 1981, Oviposition behaviour of Braeon brevicornis Wesmael (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Agricultural Research Journal of Kerala, 18(2): 239–241.

Nasser, M. and Abdurahiman, U.C. 1998. Efficacy of Cardiastethus exiguus Poppius (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae), as a predator of the coconut caterpillar, Opisina arenosella Walker (Lepidoptera: Xylorictidae). Journal of Entomological Research (New Delhi), 22(4): 361–2368.

Papp, J. 2008. A revision of the Bracon (subgenera Bracon s. str.; Cyanopterobracon, Glabrobracon, Lucobracon, Osculobracon subgen. n., Pigeria) species described by Szépligeti from the Palaearctic Region (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Braconinae). Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 40(1): 1741–1837.

Papp, J. 2012. A revision of the Bracon Fabricius species in Wesmael’s collection deposited in Brussels (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Braconinae). European Journal of Taxonomy, 21: 1–154.

Puttarudriah, M. and Channa Basavanna, G.P. 1956. A study on the identity of Bracon hebetor Say and Bracon brevicornis Wesmael (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research, 47(1): 183–191.

Quicke, D.L.J. 1982. The genus Shelfordia Cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): Discovery of type specimen, reclassification of species, new synonymy and notes on related genera. Oriental Insects. 15: 227–233.

Quicke, D.L.J. 1987. The Old World genera of braconine wasps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Journal of Natural History, 21: 43–157.

Ramakrishna Ayyar, T.V. 1928. A contribution to our knowledge of south Indian Braconidae. Part I. Vipioninae. Memoirs of the Department of Agriculture in India (Entomological Series), 10(3): 29–60, 60a–f.

Rukhsana, K., and Sebastian, C.D. 2015. Genetic structure and molecular phylogeny analysis of Bracon brevicornis Wesmael, a larval parasitoid of coconut black headed caterpillar, Opisina arenosella Walker. Research in Biotechnology, 6: 17–23.

Sharma, K.K., Jaiswal, A.K. and Kumar, K.K. 2000. A new record of Bracon brevicornis Wesmael (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) as a parasitoid of Eublemma amabilis Moore – a major predator of lac insect, Kerria lacca Kerr. Journal of Applied Zoological Researches, 11(2–3): 156–156.

Sheeba, M. and Narendran, T.C. 2007. On the identity of two confusing species of Braconidae (Hymenoptera) parasitic on Opisina arenosella (Walker). Journal of Plantation Crops, 35(3): 195-197.

Sheeba, M. and Narendran, T.C. 2013. A review of Bracon species of India with a key to Indian species. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, Occational paper no. 348: 1–52.

Sudheendrakumar, V.V., Narendran, T.C., Mohamed, U.V.K. and Abdurahiman, U.C. 1982, Biology and morphology of immature stages of Bracon brevicornis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) an important biological control agent of the black headed caterpillar pest of coconut. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 79(2): 254–2260.

van Achterberg, C. 1979. A revision of the subfamily Zelinae auct (Hymenotpera: Braconidae). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 122: 1–479. van Achterberg, C. 1992. Four new genera of the subfamily Braconinae (Hymenoptea: Braconidae) from the Indo-Australian region. Zoologische Mededelingen (Leiden), 66(27): 381–397.

van Achterberg, C. 1993. Illustrated key to the subfamilies of the Braconidae. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea). Zoologische Verhandelingen (Leiden), 283(1): 1–189.

van Achterberg, C. and Polaszek, A. 1996. The parasites of cereal stem borers (Lepidoptera: Cossidae, Crambidae, Noctuidae, Pyralidae) in Africa, belonging to the family Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea). Zoologische Verhandelingen (Leiden), 304: 1–123.

van Achterberg, C. and Quicke, D.L.J. 1992. Phylogeny of the subfamilies of the family Braconidae: a reassessment assessed. Cladistics, 8: 237–264.

van Achterberg, C. and Walker, A.K. 1998. 17. Braconidae, pp. 137–185. In: Polaszek, A. (ed.). African cereal stem borers. Economic importance, taxonomy, natural enemies and control. CAB International, Wallingford, UK. 530 pp.

Venkatesan, T., Jalali, S.K. and Srinivasamurthy, K. 2009. Competitive interactions between Goniozus nephantidis and Bracon brevicornis, parasitoids of the coconut pest Opisina arenosella. International Journal of Pest Management, 55(3): 257–263.

Yu, D.S., van Achterberg, C. and Horstmann, K. 2012. Taxapad 2012, Ichneumonoidea 2011. Ottawa, Canada. Database on CDROM. Available from: http://www.taxapad.com (accessed 16 June 2018).