INSECTA: COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE: COPRINAE

The present paper deals with the material collected from Namdapha wUd life sanctuary (at present Namdapha National Park and also a Tiger Reserve Forest), Tirap district, Arunachal Pradesh. The area includes varied ecological zones from the snow-capped nival areas in the tol' of the mountairis, through alpine and subalpine area in the upper reaches of high lands down to thick-cover of tropical rain forest tract in the lower slopes and valleys extending into plains.


INTRODUCTION
The present paper deals with the material collected from Namdapha wUd life sanctuary (at present Namdapha National Park and also a Tiger Reserve Forest), Tirap district, Arunachal Pradesh. The area includes varied ecological zones from the snow-capped nival areas in the tol' of the mountairis, through alpine and subalpine area in the upper reaches of high lands down to thick-cover of tropical rain forest tract in the lower slopes and valleys extending into plains.
Species dealt with here are eoprophagus in nature and have been collected from dungs of various wild animals, such as elephant, gaur, different varieties of deer. tiger, leopard, bear, wild cats, domestic cattle and human faeces. A few specimens have been collected from· decaying vegetable matters and moist fungusy dead tree trunk.
Altogether 55 species under 13 genera are included in this paper of which 7 species have been described as new to science and 48 species are recorded for the first time from Arunachal Pradesh, besides 3 species of Onthophagus which also probably belong to undescribed species but at present have not been named due to lack of more materials. Field observations on: biological aspects of the inaividual  Female-length 14 mm ; breadth 5.5 mm; Elongate" oval, covered with uniforml~ minute pale setae above (except head) and irregularly below. Pale brown with head, a spear 'Shaped marking on the anterQ-  Pronotum longer than broad, broadest beyond middle, margined 20 Records of the Zoological Survey Df India! in front and at sides, a deep longitudinal groove in the middle, running beyond middle, covered with setigerous asperale punctures.
Pygidium covered with pale setigerous punctures, flat near apical margin, with two prominences in the middle separated by a broad shallow groove.
Front tibiae with four external teeth, middle and hind tibial spin long. Metasternun1 large with a fine groove in the middle, metastemal shield finely punctured in the middle, a little strongly at the sides. Abdominal sternite separated with fine suture, covered with microscopical sculpture.
Holotype: ~ Namdapha, 21.iv.1981, S. Biswas collected from an eleph~nt dung near a flat land near of Noadihing river. Male: Length 7 mm ; .breadth 3 mm. Brown with anterior part and vertex of head, pro and mesosternum and a patch in the middle of pygidium black. Elongated oval shape.
Head narrowed in front, moderately strongly and uniformly clypeus. margined in front and at sides, separated from frons by a strong curved carina, clypeal disc convex and flat and less strong punctured, frons depressed in the middle two small pea shaped prominene at the anterior end of depression. Vertex strongly raised. Pronotum with a groove in the middle near base, uniformly and moderately strongly punctured, margined laterally, front angle blunt, hind angle obtuse, lateral margin rounded in front, sinuate behind. Elytra very lightly striate, strial interval covered with minute setigerous punctures. Pygidium without margin at base, opaque, covered with fine setigerous punctures, punctures a little stronger near base. Metastemal shield smooth in the middle, finely and rogosely punctured at side~. Last ventral segment immerginate in the middle. Front tibia with four external teeth, basal one smallest, 9JSWAS  Paratypes: 9 exs., (4 C C, 5 ~ ~, collection data and collector as holotype).
The species comes near to Oniticellus pallens but differ in colouration same and cephalic armatures in male.
Head without any armature, clypeus almost uniform rounded, depressed in the middle near front margin and covered with a row of moderately strong punctures. Clypeal disc and frons very finely and almost imperceptly and vertex sparsely punctured ocular lobe with few strong punctures. Pronotum moderately strongly punctured at the sides almost imperceptly in the middle, with a longitudinal impressed line in the middle. Front angles rounded, hind angles obsolate, lateral margin feebly rounded. Elytra deeply striate, striae strongly punctured, intervals feebly convex and minutely punctured and tuberculate near lateral margins. Pygidium with a board transverse prominence in the middle, covered with pale short setae and rugosely punctured except near base which is smooth. Metasternal shield with a medhin impressed line in the middle very minutely punctured. Sides of metasternum strongly rugosely punctured. Front tibia with four external teeth.
Female: Last abdominal sternite not emarginate in the middle.
The species comes to o. cinetus (F.) but can be easily indentified by the pronotal puncturation, lateral margins of elytra being tuberculate and the presence of prominence in the middle of pygidium.  Records of the Zoological Survey of 1 .
Frontal region closely but less rugosely punctured, convex, ris'en graduall, from clypeal and ocular surfac~. Vertex with a strong and broad lamina, directed, upword and backwordly and splited in the middle, two finger like proeess behind the eyes. Pronotum highly convex, anterior deciivity prominent, \lpper edge of declivity with a bisinuate carina, angulate in the middle and at sides ; minutely but almostly uniformly punctured, middle of basal region more minutely and sparsely punctured; front angle bluntly produced, sides almost straight but gradually sloping upwards anteriorly and ~inuate behind; hind angles obsolate, base a little produced in the middle. Elytra not strongly striate, striae minutely and sparsely punctured, elytral interval microscopically sculptured and minutely punctured. Pygidium sparsely punctured. Me t asternal shield with a longitudinal gro~ve in the middle and minutely punctures, sides of metasternum more strongly punctured and covered with hairs. Anterior tibiae with four external teeth and a prominent luft of hairs, hind margin of hind tibiae with three distinct lobe.
Male' minor-Ridge just behind the front margin of clypeus more strongly developed, vertex without lamin~ and process, only with a strong straight carina. Antenior declivity on pronotum reduced. The species is unlike any other described species of the imp era tor group of species and can be separated by the presence of paired horns in the male and absence of horns in the female.
Head narrow infornt; clypeus produced and strongly refLexed anteriorly. Uniformly punctured; clypeo frontal carina absent, ocular ,lobe rounded, uniformly punctured and devoid of any suture or carina in between eyes two prominent tubercles present, behind these tubercles a deprassed smooth area. Pronotum with a large lmm.

central depression and extending a little behind there is one on each
Records of the Zoological Survey of Indla~' side of this central depression. Upper margin of central depression with a strong conical process. Front angles produced, lateral margin almost straight infront, rounded in the middle and feebly sinuate behind, base almost rounded on the middle. Pronotum moderately strong punctured, punctures fewer more minute in the depression. Elytra shallowly striate, striae sparsely and minutely punctured. Elytral intervals uniformly and minutely punctured. Metastemal shield minutely punctured in the middle; more strongly punctured and covered with setae infront and at sides. Pygidium uniformly punctured. Front tibiae with four external teeth and extremity of hind tibiae produced into three lobes externally.
Head rounded, clypeal disc strongly clypeus very feebly emarginate in the middle, punctured ant~riorly forms strongly but sp.arsely punctured ; clypeofrontal carina absent. Vertex with a strong transverse carina, abruptly narrowed and leaving one strong angular process on each side near base and bifurcate at apex, forming horn like projections.
Pronotum strongly punctured, punctures appearing umblicate but incom plete infront or in the sides, front angle blunt, hind angle obsolate, base feebly margined and a little angular in the middle, lateral margin staraight in front, rounded behind. Elytra fairly strongly striate, striae closely punctured, strial intervals convex, shining and asperately punctured. Front tibiae short, with 4 external teeth. Metasternum feeble punctured in the middle, strongly in front and at sides and a small compressed pronlinence in the middle towards apex. Pygidium fairly strongly punctured with ump!icate punctures.
Female: Similar to male but (i) lamina on vertex replaced by a transverse carina, (ii) presence of a rounded clypeofrontal carina (iii) clypeal disc more strongly punctured and (iv) last abdominal sternite emerginate in the middle.  Material examined: 3 exs, Zero camp, 9.iv.1981 ; S. Biswas colI.
Distribution: The species is known from South China; and India. In India the species is recorded from Meghalaya and Arunachal Pradesh (Namdapha).
Remarks: This is the first time the species is being recorded from Namdapha Will Life Sanctuary, Tirap district, Arunachal Pradesh. Material examined: The species is known from India was recorded from Tamilnadu, Maharastra and Bihar. This is the first time the species is recorded from Arunachal Pradesh.

Ontbopbagus sp. I
A single specimen collected from Miao, Tirap district of Arunachal 'Pradesh on 4.iv.1981. The specimen belongs to gemma group but does not belong to any species known from India and most likely belongs to an undescribed species. As there is only one specimen description of the species is not attempted.

Onthopbagus sp. 2.
A single specimen was collected from ,Miao, Tirap district, of Arunachal Pradesh on 5.iv.1981. The specimen comes closer to O. questus Sharp but differs from that species by total absence of frontocypeal carina and :punctures on pronotum also being stronger.  Records of the Zoological Survey DJ India straight carina, little elevated in the middle and punctured as in ocular lobe. Antennae 9 segmented, basal segment carinate at anterior margin but not serrated. Pronotum not very convex, a little depressed longitudinally in the middle towards base, uniformly and moderately closely and strongly punctured, punctures simple, each with a seta at , middle, space between punctures appear shining, lateral margins rounded in front, a little sinuate behind. Elytra strongly striate, striae feebly punctured, punctures being connected by longitudinal streak; elytral intervals covered with numerous setigerous punctures, arranged in two rows, except sutural interval which show a single row of puncture; space between punctures minutely sculptured in most of the parts, shining only postero-medially. Front tibae provided with 4 external teeth, which are serrated at base. Metasternal shield narrowly grooved in the middle, thinly puncturt:d with large punctures. Abdominal sternite with a single row of large setigerous punctures, not very closely placed. Last I sternite emarginate in the middle to receive pygidium. Pygidium not margined at base and moderately strongly punctured.
Female: Same as male except the clypeal disc more strongly punctured, last ventral sternite emerginate in the middle.