ON A SMALL COLLECTION OF CTENUCHIDAE (INSECTA; LEPIDOPTERA) FROM ARUNACHAL PRADESH

The authors in course of their studies on Ctenuchidae from Arunachal Pradesh identified eleven species in four genera and all of them constitute new records from the State. In this connection it may be mentioned that following Obraztsov (1966), Byntomis luteiJascia Hampson and Oallitomis muZtijasciata Hampson have been kept under the genus Amata (Amata) Fabr. and Syntomis diaphana Kollar, 8.. hydatina Butler and S. bicincta Kollar have been treated under Amata (Syntomis).


I. INTRODUCTION
The Zoological Survey of India has undertaken several faunistic surveys of Arunachal Pradesh including one expedition during the period 1961-1973.The surveys cover different districts of Arunachal Pradesh including Kameng, Subansiri, Siang, Lohit and Tirap.
The authors in course of their studies on Ctenuchidae from Arunachal Pradesh identified eleven species in four genera and all of them constitute new records from the State.In this connection it may be mentioned that following Obraztsov (1966), Byntomis luteiJascia Hampson and Oallitomis muZtijasciata Hampson have been kept under the genus Amata (Amata) Fabr.and Syntomis diaphana Kollar, 8.. hydatina Butler and S. bicincta Kollar have been treated under Amata (Syntomis).

II. SYSTBMATIC ACCOUNT Family CTBNUCHIDAB
Proboscis well developed or aborted.Labial palpi present, short and porrect, long and down-curved or upturned.Frons simple, rounded.Antennae variable, being either simple or with short branches in males, or simple in both the sexes.'Tibiae with the spurs short.Fore wing with vein 3A forming a fork with 2A; lA absent; Mg from near the lower angle of cell: R5 stalked with R s +R4,.Hind wing small; Sc absent, rarely rudimentary from base and not reaching costa, or forming a fork with Rs ; frenulum present, retinaculum bar-shaped; 3A absent.Type: Naclia antkraciformi8 Wallengren (1860).Diagnosi8: Labial pal pi porrect, not extending beyond the frons.Fore wing with vein R 1 -R 5 stalked; M1 from or from below the upper angle of cell.Hind wing with Rs coincident with M 1 ; Ms present; Ms and CU 1 (1 absent; CU 1 G from behind the angle of cell.Mid and hind tibia each with a minute pair of spurs, hind tibia rarely with two pairs.Distribution: Indo-Australian region.Also in part of the African region. Remark8: Fletcher (1925) recorded eight species of Oeryx from the Indian region, including one from Burma.Later, Arora (1980) recorded it from Andaman Islands.
The present study includes two species of Arunachal Pradesh, and these are differentiated by the following key.

Key to the identification of the species of Ceryx: Wallengren
Hind wing with narrow terminal black band ... godartii (Boisduval) -Hind wing with broad terminal black band extending nearly to cell.
The species is characterised by the presence of orange bands on the last abdominal segments and the wing being uniformly fuscous and hyaline.
Diagnosis: Head with the frons mostly sInooth.Antennae in male either pectinate or simple, slightly broadened beyond middle.Labial palpi short, down-curved and hairy; 3rd segment extremely reduced.Fore wing long and rather narrow; veins R 1 -R 5 stalked; M1 from near upper angle of cell; M3-M; from lower angle or stalked.Hind wing with the vein Rs coincident with M 1 ; Ms absent; Mg and CU 1 a from angle or stalked, rarely M sa slightly above the angle.l-lind tibia with two pairs of spurs.
Distribution: Europe, the whole of African, Oriental and Australian regions.
Rem'lrks: Fletcher (1925) recorded as many as forty species from India, including three from Andaman Islands.Later, Arora (1980) added A. cingulata (Weber) from the Andaman region.
The present study of the wing venation has shown that veins MS-CU 1 R in hind wing are quite separate at the base as in the genus Eressa Walker but the species can b~ differentiated from the genus in having two pairs of spurs on the hind tibia.In Ere8sa there is only a single terminal spur.Obraztsov (1966), while revising the palaearctic species of the genus Amata Fabr., divided it into two subgenera, Amata Fabr.and Syntomis Ochsenheimer, on the basis of the male genitalic characters.The following key may be given: Basal process of at least one of the claspers well developed, with the end free , fused together with the aedeagus above only at basal part.
Subgenus Syntomis Ochsenheimer -Basal process of both claspers undeveloped, or simple and fused together with membranes of aedeagus above through the tip. ...
Remarks: Hampson (1898) reported that the first tarsal joint of hindtibia is white while in the specimens under study the first tarsal joint is white in all the legs.Hampson (loc. cit.) reported that the wing expanse varies between 30 .. 44 mm.but in the present specimens variation is observed betwee~ 24-36 mm.II.Key to identification of the species oj subgenus Amata Fabr.
1. Thorax black, with yellow spots.Wings diaphanous with distal yellow border specially in hind wing.Fore wing with eight diaphanous spots  Type: Glaucopis confinis Walker (1854).
Diagno8is: Proboscis small or well developed.Labial palpi short and porrect.Frons hairy, simple.Mid and hind tibia with a pair each of minute terminal spurs.Fore wing usually broad; veins R 1 -R 5 stalked; M1 from below the upper angle of cell; Ms-Ms from angle; CU1a from well before the angle of cell.Hind wing with the vein Rs coincident with M 1 ; Ms absent; veins Ms and CUla quite separate at origin, Ms well above the angle of cell.
Remarks: Although Zerny (1912) included ten species in this genus, Fletcher (1925) excluded one of its species Ere8sa simplex Rothschild, as a synonym of Trichaeta teneiformis (Walker), thus reducing the number of Indian species to nine.
The genus Eressa is characterised by the presence of only single pair of terminal spurs in the hind tibia, unlike the genus Amata, which has two pairs and to which is otherwise closely allied because of the absence of vein Ms and presence of CU 1 Q in the hind wing.Hampson (1898) differentiated these two genera on the basis of the origin of vein M2 which he described as from lower angle of cell or shortly stalked with CU 1 Q in hind wing in the genus Amata and from well above angle of cell in Ere8sa.
The character seems to be quite variable in the genus Amata where the origin of this vein may be from above the lower angle.
Key to the Identification of the specie8 of Eressa Walker 1. Antennae of male serrate.Abdomen crimson, with series of blue-black spots.