TWO NEW SPECIES AND TEN NEW RECORDS OF THE GENUS PERGALUMNA ( ACARINA : ORIBATIDA : GALUMNIDAE ) FROM INDIA * * * * * *

The genus Pergalumna was established by Grandjean (1936) with Oribates nervosa Berlese, 1914 from Italy as the type under the family Galumnidae Jacot, 1925 and the superfamily Galumnoidea Jacot, 1925. Woodring (1962) referred the family as the most advanced pterogasterine group of mites. These mites are commonly known as galumnid mites. The U characteristically shaped" galumnid mites possess a pair of wing like 'pteromorphae' at both the sides of notogaster and most of them are heavily sclerotized and highly pigmented. They inhabit in all types of soil but predominantly found in soil and litter with rich organic matter. Under the family Galumnidae a total of 34 genera are known from the world of which 13 galumnid genera have been reported from India till date. The genus Pergalumna Grandjean, 1936 is one of the major genera having 105 species and 14 subspecies reported till date from all over the world except Antarctica (Subias, 2009). In India, a total of 5 species of Pergalumna were reported till 2004, of which Pergalumna andhraense Raju et al., 1981 was described as new species from Andhra Pradesh. The other pergalumnid species known from India were P. corolevuensis Hammer, 1971 (Sarkar, 1986; Tripura), P. intermedia Aoki, 1963 (Balakrishnan and Haq, 1985; Kerala), P. magnipora capensis Engelbrecht, 1972 (Chakraborti and Bhattacharya, 1991; Tripura), P. remota (Hammer, 1968) and P. taprobanica Balogh, 1988 (Mondal and Kundu, 1999; West Bengal). In addition, Sanyal (1999, 2004) recorded the genus with undetermined species from West Bengal and Manipur and Pandit and Bhattacharya (2000) reported from West Bengal.


INTRODUCTION
The genus Pergalumna was established by Grandjean (1936) with Oribates nervosa Berlese, 1914 from Italy as the type under the family Galumnidae Jacot, 1925 and the superfamily Galumnoidea Jacot, 1925. Woodring (1962) referred the family as the most advanced pterogasterine group of mites.These mites are commonly known as galumnid mites.The U characteristically shaped" galumnid mites possess a pair of wing like 'pteromorphae' at both the sides of notogaster and most of them are heavily sclerotized and highly pigmented.They inhabit in all types of soil but predominantly found in soil and litter with rich organic matter.Under the family Galumnidae a total of 34 genera are known from the world of which 13 galumnid genera have been reported from India till date.The genus Pergalumna Grandjean, 1936 is one of the major genera having 105 species and 14 subspecies reported till date from all over the world except Antarctica (Subias, 2009).In India, a total of 5 species of Pergalumna were reported till 2004, of which Pergalumna andhraense Raju et al., 1981 was described as new species from Andhra Pradesh.The other pergalumnid species known from India were P. corolevuensis Hammer, 1971(Sarkar, 1986;Tripura), P. intermedia Aoki, 1963 (Balakrishnan andHaq, 1985;Kerala), P. magnipora capensis Engelbrecht, 1972 (Chakraborti andBhattacharya, 1991;Tripura), P. remota (Hammer, 1968) and P. taprobanica Balogh, 1988 (Mondal andKundu, 1999;West Bengal).In addition, Sanyal (1999Sanyal ( , 2004) ) recorded the genus with undetermined species from West Bengal and Manipur and Pandit and Bhattacharya (2000) reported from West Bengal.
The present paper records another 12 including two new species of pergalumnid mite from India.
These species include P. pertrichosa Mahunka, 1995;P.intermedia retroversa Aoki and Hu, 1993; P. incomperta Engelbrecht, 1972; P. longiporosa Fujita and Fujikawa, 1987; P. aegra Perez-Inigo and Baggio, P. margaritata Mahunka, 1989; P. granulata Balogh and Mahunka, 1967; P. hastata Aoki, 1987; P. longisetosa Balogh, 1960; P. andicola Hammer, 1961 and the two new species are P. bhaskari and P. sabitai.Remarks : The new species shows close similarities with P. granulata Balogh and Mahunka, 1967 in the nature of the granulation on the dorsal surface; position of lamellar and interlamellar setae and the position and size of three pairs of area porosae.But P. bhaskari differs from P. granulata in shape and size of the prodorsal setae.The ventally located prominent bands are also absent in P. granulata.The present species also comes closer to P. filifera Mahunka, 1978 andP. kotschyl Mahunka, 1989 in having the broad bridge in front of the genital plate.But the other band through the genital plates is absent in the two formerly known species.Hence, on the basis of the densely granulated dorsum, long and ciliated prodorsal setae, absence of dorsosejugal suture, ventral chitinized band and long, ciliated adl P. bhaskari differs from all other species under the genus Pergalumna and described as a species new to science.

DESCRIPTION OF THE NEW SPECIES
Pergalumna sabitai sp.nov.
Prodorsum : Rostral setae not visible in dorsal view, it is near to the lateral margin of prodorsum.Lamellar setae long, thin, smooth and near to lines   Remarks: The new species P. sabitai differs from all known species under Pergalumna except one species P. tsavoensis Mahunka, 1986.On the basis of the absence of dorsosejugal suture, structure of sensillus and finely punctated dorsal surface and position and structure of adl and ad2 the new species shows resemblences with P. tsavoensis Mahunka, 1986.But P. sabitai is distinguished from P. tsavoensis by presence of gradually increasing alveolate structure both on the notogaster and the ventral side, small sized Ai, well developed postanal area porosa, wide puntated pteromorphae with pteromorphal setae and position of ad3 arising from a little distance of iad.P. sabitai is therefore described as a new species.

Fig. 1 :Fig. 3 :Fig. 4 :
Fig. 1 : Dorsal view of Pergalumna bhaskari I L'.Interlamellar setae very short.Sensillus long, curved, directly outwards and distinctly pilose.Notogaster : Whole dorsal plate including the pteromorphae puntated.The punctuation is fine upto the mid dorsal portion of the notogaster but the posterior half of the notogaster is with honeycomb like ornamentation.All legs are tridactylous.Pteromorphae with radiating lines and with prominent pteromorphal setae.Ventral plate: The epimeral region is punctated and the epimeral setal formula: 1-0-2-2.All epimeral setae comparatively short.Genital plates with 6 pairs of genital setae.lpair of aggenital setae present. 2 pairs of anal setae present on anal plates.Anogenital region is alveolated but becoming larger posteriorly.3 pairs of adanal setae present of which adl and ad210nger than ad3 .Postanal area porosa well developed.Material examined: HOLOTYPE: Adult female, INDIA: West Bengal: North 24-Parganas: Gobardanga, near Sutia market, 16.vi.2007,from a China rose cultivation field, colI.S. Sarkar.